Izongezo zerabha luluhlu lweemveliso zeekhemikhali ezilungileyo ezongeziweyo ngexesha lokusetyenzwa kwerabha yendalo kunye nerabha eyenziweyo (ebizwa ngokuba yi "rubber eluhlaza") kwiimveliso zerabha, ezisetyenziselwa ukunika iimveliso zerabha ngokusebenza, ukugcina ubomi benkonzo yeemveliso zerabha. , kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-rubber compounds.Izongezo zerabha zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuhlengahlengiso lwesakhiwo seemveliso zerabha, uphuhliso lweemveliso ezintsha, ukuphuculwa kobuchwephesha bokulungisa irabha, ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kwemveliso yerabha kunye nomgangatho, kwaye ziyimathiriyeli ekrwada eyimfuneko kwishishini lerabha.
Irabha yendalo esehlabathini yafunyanwa nguColumbus xa wafumanisa iHlabathi Elitsha ngowe-1493, kodwa kwaba ngowe-1839 apho isulfure yayinokusetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokutshabalalisa irabha edibanisa irabha, ngaloo ndlela inika ixabiso elisebenzisekayo.Ukususela ngoko, ishishini lerabha lehlabathi laqalwa, yaye neshishini lerabha lakhula.
Izongezo zerabha zinokwahlulwa zibe zizizukulwana ezithathu ngokwembali yazo yophuhliso, njengoko kuchaziwe kwintshayelelo elandelayo.
Isizukulwana sokuqala sezongezo zerabha 1839-1904
Iimveliso ezongezelelweyo zerubha zeli xesha zimelwe yi-inorganic vulcanization accelerators.Ishishini lerabha lingene kwixesha le-inorganic vulcanization accelerators, kodwa likwaneengxaki ezifana nokusebenza okuphantsi kokunyusa kunye nokusebenza kakubi kwevulcanization.
● 1839 Ukufumanisa isiphumo sesulfure kwi-rubber vulcanization
● 1844 Ukufumanisa i-inorganic vulcanization accelerators
● 1846 Kwafunyaniswa ukuba sulfur monochloride inokubangela irabha ukuba "ibanda vulcanize", isebenzisa i-amine carbonate njenge-arhente yogwebu.
● 1904 Ufumanise ukuba i-vulcanization esebenzayo i-zinc oxide yafumanisa ukuba ikharbhon emnyama inefuthe lokuqinisa irabha.
Isizukulwana sesibini izongezo zerabha 1905-1980
Iimveliso ezongezelelweyo zerubha zeli xesha zazimelwe yi-organic vulcanization accelerators.Irabha yendalo yangaphambili ye-vulcanization accelerator, i-aniline, yayinempembelelo yokukhuthaza i-vulcanization, eyafunyanwa ngusokhemisti waseJamani u-Oenslaber ngo-1906 kuvavanyo eUnited States.
● 1906 Ukuveliswa kwee-organic vulcanization accelerators, i-thiourea type accelerators
● 1912 Ukuveliswa kwe-dithiocarbamate sulfurization accelerator kunye nokuveliswa kwe-p-aminoethylaniline
● I-1914 Ukuveliswa kwe-amines kunye ne-β-Naphthylamine kunye ne-p-phenylenediamine ingasetyenziswa njenge-antioxidants.
● Ngo-1915 Ukuveliswa kweeperoxides zeorganic, iikhompawundi ze nitro ezinevumba elimnandi, kunye nezikhuthazi zealkyl xanthate zinc.
● 1920 Ukuveliswa kwe-thiazole esekelwe kwi-vulcanization accelerators
● I-1922 Ukuveliswa kwe-guanidine yohlobo lwe-vulcanization accelerator
● 1924 Ukuveliswa kwe-antioxidant AH
● Ngowe-1928 Ukuveliswa kwe-antioxidant A
● 1929 Ukuveliswa kwe-thiuram vulcanization accelerator
● 1931 Ukuveliswa kwe-phenolic non-polluting antioxidant
● 1932 Ukwenziwa kohlobo lwe-sulfosamide vulcanization accelerator DIBS、CBS、NOBS
● Ngowe-1933 Ukuveliswa kwe-antioxidant D
● I-1937 Ukuveliswa kwe-antioxidant 4010, 4010NA, 4020
● Iikhompawundi ze-Diazo ze-1939 zayilwa ukutshabalalisa irabha
● 1940 Ukuqulunqa iikhompawundi diazo ukuba vulcanize irabha
● 1943 Ukuveliswa kwe-isocyanate adhesive
● 1960 Ukuveliswa kwezongezo zerubha zokulungisa
● I-1966 Ukuveliswa kwe-Cohedur adhesive
● 1969 Invention CTP
● 1970 Ukuveliswa kweentlobo ze-accelerator ze-triazine
● Ngo-1980 Ukuveliswa kweManobond cobalt ityuwa yokuqinisa ityuwa
Izongezo zerabha zesizukulwana sesithathu ngo-1980～
Emva kweminyaka engaphezu kwe-100 yophando, akuzange kube ngowe-1980 apho iindidi zezongezo zerabha zaqala ukwanda kwaye inkqubo yakhula ngokukhula.Ngeli nqanaba, iimveliso ezongezelelweyo zerubha zibonakaliswe ngeempawu eziluhlaza kunye nezinto ezininzi.
● 1980-1981 Ukuphuhliswa kwe-accelerator NS kwaqala eChina
● 1985 Qalisa i-MTT
● 1991 ~ Ukuphuhlisa ngokuqhubekayo kunye nokuqalisa ukusebenzisa ngokusingqongileyo non nitrosamine okanye nitrosamine izongezo ezikhuselekileyo ezifana thiram, sulfonamide, zinc accelerators ityuwa, vulcanizing agents, anti coking agents, plasticizers, njl, ZBPD,TBSI,CBBS,TBzTD,TIBTD,TIBTM, I-ZDIBC, OTTOS, ZBEC, AS100, E/C, DBD kunye nezinye iimveliso ziyilwe ngokulandelelanayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-02-2023