Izithasiselo zenjoloba ziwuchungechunge lwemikhiqizo yamakhemikhali emihle engezwe ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kwenjoloba yemvelo kanye nerabha yokwenziwa (ebizwa ngokuthi "injoloba eluhlaza") emikhiqizweni yenjoloba, esetshenziselwa ukunikeza imikhiqizo yenjoloba ukusebenza, ukugcina impilo yesevisi yemikhiqizo yenjoloba. , futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kokucubungula kwezinhlanganisela zenjoloba.Izithasiselo zenjoloba zidlala indima ebalulekile ekulungisweni kwesakhiwo semikhiqizo yenjoloba, ekuthuthukisweni kwemikhiqizo emisha, ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe bokucubungula irabha, ukwenziwa ngcono kokusebenza komkhiqizo wenjoloba kanye nekhwalithi, futhi kuyizinto ezisetshenziswayo ezingabalulekile embonini yenjoloba.
Injoloba engokwemvelo emhlabeni yatholwa uColumbus lapho ethola iZwe Elisha ngo-1493, kodwa kwaze kwaba ngo-1839 lapho isibabule sasingasetshenziswa njengesithako esibulalayo ukuze sixhumane nenjoloba, kanjalo siyinikeze ukubaluleka okungokoqobo.Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, kwasungulwa imboni yenjoloba emhlabeni wonke, futhi imboni yenjoloba nayo yathuthuka.
Izithasiselo zenjoloba zingahlukaniswa zibe izizukulwane ezintathu ngokomlando wazo wokuthuthuka, njengoba kuchazwe kabanzi esingenisweni esilandelayo.
Isizukulwane sokuqala sezithasiselo zenjoloba 1839-1904
Imikhiqizo yezithako zenjoloba yalesi sikhathi imelelwa ama-accelerator e-inorganic vulcanization.Imboni yenjoloba ingene enkathini yama-accelerators we-inorganic vulcanization, kodwa futhi inezinkinga ezifana nokusebenza kahle kokuphromotha okuphansi kanye nokusebenza kabi kwe-vulcanization.
● 1839 Ukuthola umthelela wesulfure ekuvuvukeni kwerabha
● 1844 Ukuthola ama-accelerator e-inorganic vulcanization
● 1846 Kutholwe ukuthi i-sulphur monochloride ingabangela irabha ukuthi "ibanda vulcanize", isebenzisa i-amine carbonate njenge-ejenti ekhihlizayo.
● 1904 Uthole i-vulcanization esebenzayo i-zinc oxide futhi wathola ukuthi ikhabhoni emnyama inomthelela oqinisayo kurabha.
Izithasiselo zenjoloba zesizukulwane sesibili 1905-1980
Imikhiqizo yezithako zenjoloba yalesi sikhathi yayimelwe ama-accelerator e-organic vulcanization.I-accelerator yangaphambili ye-organic rubber vulcanization, i-aniline, yaba nomthelela okhuthaza ukuvuthwa, owatholwa usokhemisi waseJalimane u-Oenslaber ngo-1906 ekuhloleni e-United States.
● 1906 Ukusungulwa kwama-accelerator e-organic vulcanization, ama-accelerator ohlobo lwe-thiourea
● 1912 Ukusungulwa kwe-dithiocarbamate sulfurization accelerator kanye nokusungulwa kwe-p-aminoethylaniline
● 1914 Ukusungulwa kwama-amines ne-β- Naphthylamine kanye ne-p-phenylenediamine kungasetshenziswa njengama-antioxidants.
● 1915 Ukusungulwa kwe-organic peroxides, izinhlanganisela ze-nitro ezinephunga elimnandi, nezithuthukisi ze-alkyl xanthate ze-zinc.
● 1920 Ukusungulwa kwama-accelerator asekelwe ku-thiazole
● 1922 Ukusungulwa kwe-guanidine yohlobo lwe-vulcanization accelerator
● 1924 Ukusungulwa kwe-antioxidant AH
● 1928 Ukusungulwa kwe-antioxidant A
● 1929 Ukusungulwa kwe-thiuram vulcanization accelerator
● 1931 Ukusungulwa kwe-phenolic non-polluting antioxidant
● 1932 Ukusungulwa kohlobo lwe-sulfosamide vulcanization accelerator DIBS、CBS、NOBS
● 1933 Ukusungulwa kwe-antioxidant D
● 1937 Ukusungulwa kwe-antioxidant 4010,4010NA,4020
● Izinhlanganisela ze-Diazo zango-1939 zasungulwa ukuze kuqhunyiswe irabha
● 1940 Ukusungula izinhlanganisela ze-diazo ukuze kuqhume irabha
● 1943 Ukusungulwa kokunamathela kwe-isocyanate
● 1960 Ukusungulwa kokucubungula izithasiselo zenjoloba
● 1966 Ukusungulwa kokunamathela kwe-Cohedur
● I-CTP yokusungulwa kuka-1969
● 1970 Ukusungulwa kwama-accelerator ohlobo lwe-triazine
● 1980 Ukusungulwa kwe-Manobond cobalt salt adhesion enhancer
Izithasiselo zenjoloba zesizukulwane sesithathu 1980～
Ngemva kweminyaka engaphezu kweyi-100 yocwaningo, kwaze kwaba ngawo-1980 lapho izinhlobonhlobo zezithasiselo zenjoloba zaqala ukwanda futhi uhlelo lwakhula ngokukhula.Kulesi sigaba, imikhiqizo yokwengeza irabha ibonakala ngezici eziluhlaza kanye nemisebenzi eminingi.
● 1980-1981 Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-accelerator NS kwaqala e-China
● 1985 Yethula i-MTT
● 1991 ~ Ngokuqhubekayo ithuthukisa futhi iqala ukusebenzisa izithasiselo eziphephile zemvelo ezingezona i-nitrosamine noma i-nitrosamine ezifana ne-thiram, i-sulfonamide, i-zinc accelerators kasawoti, ama-vulcanizing agents, ama-anti coking agents, ama-plasticizers, njll, ZBPD,TBSI,CBBS,TBzTD,TIBTD,TIBTM, I-ZDIBC, OTTOS, ZBEC, AS100, E/C, DBD neminye imikhiqizo iye yasungulwa ngokulandelana.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-02-2023